检索范围:
排序: 展示方式:
Detecting genetic hypermutability of gastrointestinal tumor by using a forensic STR kit
Anqi Chen, Suhua Zhang, Jixi Li, Chaoneng Ji, Jinzhong Chen, Chengtao Li
《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第1期 页码 101-111 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0698-4
关键词: mismatch repair protein deficiency (MMR-D) microsatellite instability (MSI) short tandem repeats (STR) gastrointestinal tumor hypermutability
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第1期 页码 20-31 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0493-4
To date, gastric carcinoma (GC) is one of the common and fatal digestive malignancies worldwide. The prognosis of GC is not always satisfactory because of late diagnosis. Scholars are keen on discovering novel accurate and economical biomarkers in body liquids for GC screening to detect and evaluate the lesion before the results of imaging techniques are obtained. While traditional serum assays have limited sensitivity and specificity, gastrointestinal juice may provide relevant specific biomarkers because of its close contact with the tumor. Herein, the current progress in the relationship between gastrointestinal fluid analyses and GC is systematically and comprehensively reviewed. The detection of gastric juice pH, fluorescence spectrum, cytology, Helicobacter pylori-associated markers, nitrosamines, conventional tumor markers, amino acids, proteomics, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, protein-coding genes, vitamin C, etc., and combination tests of different category markers could provide important diagnostic and prognostic clues for gastrointestinal diseases. Particularly, early GC may be efficiently screened using gastric juice. Gastrointestinal fluid examination could also predict the adverse effects of postgastrectomy, such as pancreatic leakage, fistula, and abscess. Gastric fluid markers should be further studied to reveal the early predicators of malignancy and complications. The methods for obtaining the samples of gastrointestinal juice with minimum incision should also be comprehensively investigated.
关键词: gastrointestinal fluid gastric carcinoma biomarker diagnosis prognosis gastrectomy adverse events
A ruptured recurrent small bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumour causing hemoperitoneum
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第1期 页码 108-111 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0344-0
Hemoperitoneum is a rare and potentially life-threatening complication of GIST. We reported a 54-year-old man who developed disseminated intra-abdominal recurrence from a previously resected gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) of the small bowel, and the patient presented with hemoperitoneum. Emergent debulking surgery was performed. A high dose imatinib was prescribed. Despite the presence of residual disease, the patient was well clinically 8 months after the operation. Even though, there is no evidence to support the routine use of debulking surgery in the management of GIST. In our patient, disease progression after second line targeted therapy and the absence of alternative treatment options for spontaneous rupture and hemoperitoneum prompted us to treat the patient aggressively. Resection of the ruptured GIST was carried out for control of bleeding and to prevent recurrent bleeding in this patient with good surgical risks. During the treatment decision-making, the patient’s general condition, the risk of surgery and the extent of dissemination were taken into consideration. In this patient who presented with spontaneous rupture of a small intestinal GIST, the novel use of targeted therapy and aggressive surgical treatment produced reasonably good survival outcome.
关键词: gastrointestinal stromal tumour hemoperitoneum small bowel GIST small bowel neoplasm imatinib
Potential indicators predict progress after surgical resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumors
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第3期 页码 317-321 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0203-9
In order to find out the potential indicators predicting prognosis of malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) after surgical resection, we collected clinical records of 80 patients with malignant GISTs. Tumor location, size, mitotic index, necrosis were compared with the prognosis of malignant GISTs by Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. After a median follow-up of 844 days (52–2 145), we found that as National Institutes of Health suggested, tumors with intermediate risk had more favorable prognosis than that with high risk. Their 3-year survival rate were 65.3% and 41.3%, respectively (P<0.001). Moreover, tumor size and mitotic index were associated with free survival. The 3-year survival rate for patients with tumor size≤10 cm and>10 cm were 62.3% and 41.8%, respectively (P = 0.002), Tumors with mitotic index≤5/50 HPF had a higher 3-year survival rate than tumors with mitotic index>5/50 HPF (67.1% versus 40.7%, P = 0.005). The presence of necrosis was directly related to the malignant behavior. The 3-year survival rate for presence and absence necrosis were 50.8% and 64.8% (P = 0.008). From the present study, we can conclude that besides tumors size and mitotic index, tumor location and necrosis also influence on the long-term survival of patient with malignant GISTs after surgical resection.
Immunotherapy-based combination strategies for treatment of gastrointestinal cancers: current status
Chenfei Zhou, Jun Zhang
《医学前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第1期 页码 12-23 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0685-9
Strategies in comprehensive therapy for gastrointestinal (GI) cancer have been optimized in the last decades to improve patients’ outcomes. However, treatment options remain limited for late-stage or refractory diseases. The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for treatment of refractory GI cancer has been confirmed by randomized clinical trials. In 2017, pembrolizumab was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as the first agent for treatment of metastatic solid tumors with mismatch repair deficiency, especially for colorectal cancer. Given the different mechanisms, oncologists have focused on determining whether ICIs-based combination strategies could achieve higher efficacy than conventional therapy alone in late-stage or even front-line treatment of GI cancer. This review discusses the current status of combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with molecular targeted therapy, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy in GI cancer in terms of mechanisms, safety, and efficacy to provide basis for future research.
关键词: gastrointestinal cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor combination therapy
Gastrointestinal damage caused by swallowing multiple magnets
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第3期 页码 280-287 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0207-5
Swallowing multiple magnets is not uncommon worldwide and it frequently leads to serious consequences. However, most patients fail to receive timely and correct diagnosis and treatment. A literature search was performed to establish an algorithm for these accidents by the authors to identify relevant articles published from June 1987 to October 2010 in Google, Medline, ISI Web of Knowledge Ovid, CNKI, Korea Med and library document delivery, using search terms “magnet ingestion, ” “fistula, ” and “perforation. ” A total of 149 patients with ingestion of magnetic foreign bodies from 20 countries and areas were identified. 22 of them were companioned with neurological and psychiatric disorders. Swallowing magnets occurred throughout childhood and adolescent, mostly ranging 2 to 4 years in age. Various gastrointestinal damages such as necrosis and intestinal perforation or fistula were encountered. Damage from swallowing multiple magnets carries a significant risk of morbidity and even mortality throughout childhood to adolescent worldwide. Older children and adults with neurological and psychiatric problems may be at high risk for such accidents. Early intervention is crucial.
LIANG Yumei, LI Xianghong, LU Youyong, LV Yali, ZHONG Mei, PU Xiaolu, LI Wenmei
《医学前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第1期 页码 87-94 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0016-z
Heterogeneity of the tumor immune microenvironment and clinical interventions
《医学前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第4期 页码 617-648 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1015-9
Proteins moonlighting in tumor metabolism and epigenetics
Lei Lv, Qunying Lei
《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 页码 383-403 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0818-1
Complex interplay between tumor microenvironment and cancer therapy
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期 页码 426-439 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0663-7
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is comprised of cellular and non-cellular components that exist within and around the tumor mass. The TME is highly dynamic and its importance in different stages of cancer progression has been well recognized. A growing body of evidence suggests that TME also plays pivotal roles in cancer treatment responses. TME is significantly remodeled upon cancer therapies, and such change either enhances the responses or induces drug resistance. Given the importance of TME in tumor progression and therapy resistance, strategies that remodel TME to improve therapeutic responses are under developing. In this review, we provide an overview of the essential components in TME and the remodeling of TME in response to anti-cancer treatments. We also summarize the strategies that aim to enhance therapeutic efficacy by modulating TME.
关键词: tumor microenvironment therapy response treatment resistance
《医学前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第4期 页码 699-713 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0972-8
关键词: anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T immunotherapy diffuse large B cell lymphoma tumor microenvironment tumor-associated macrophage metabolism
Progress in tumor vascular normalization for anticancer therapy: challenges and perspectives
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第1期 页码 67-78 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0176-8
Antitumor angiogenic therapy has been shown promising in the treatment of several advanced cancers since the approval of the first antiangiogenic drug Avastin in 2004. Although the current antiangiogenic drugs reduce the density of tumor blood vessels and result in tumor shrinkage at the early stage of treatment, recent studies have shown that antiangiogenic therapy has transient and insufficient efficacy, resulting in tumor recurrence in patients after several months of treatment. Blockage of blood and oxygen supplies creates a hypoxic and acidic microenvironment in the tumor tissues, which fosters tumor cells to become more aggressive and metastatic. In 2001, Jain proposed tumor vascular normalization as an alternative approach to treating cancers based on the pioneering work on tumor blood vessels by several other researchers. At present, normalizing the disorganized tumor vasculature, rather than disrupting or blocking them, has emerged as a new option for anticancer therapy. Preclinical and clinical data have shown that tumor vascular normalization using monoclonal antibodies, proteins, peptides, small molecules, and pericytes resulted in decreased tumor size and reduced metastasis. However, current tumor vascular normalizing drugs display moderate anticancer efficacy. Accumulated data have shown that a variety of vasculogenic/angiogenic tumor cells and genes play important roles in tumor neovascularization, growth, and metastasis. Therefore, multiple-targeting of vasculogenic tumor cells and genes may improve the efficacy of tumor vascular normalization. To this end, the combination of antiangiogenic drugs with tumor vascular normalizing therapeutics, as well as the integration of Western medicine with traditional Chinese medicine, may provide a good opportunity for discovering novel tumor vascular normalizing drugs for an effective anticancer therapy.
关键词: angiogenesis vasculogenesis neovascularization tumor vasculature normalization traditional Chinese medicine
Natural killer cell lines in tumor immunotherapy
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第1期 页码 56-66 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0177-7
Natural killer (NK) cells are considered to be critical players in anticancer immunity. However, cancers are able to develop mechanisms to escape NK cell attack or to induce defective NK cells. Current NK cell-based cancer immunotherapy is aimed at overcoming NK cell paralysis through several potential approaches, including activating autologous NK cells, expanding allogeneic NK cells, usage of stable allogeneic NK cell lines and genetically modifying fresh NK cells or NK cell lines. The stable allogeneic NK cell line approach is more practical for quality-control and large-scale production. Additionally, genetically modifying NK cell lines by increasing their expression of cytokines and engineering chimeric tumor antigen receptors could improve their specificity and cytotoxicity. In this review, NK cells in tumor immunotherapy are discussed, and a list of therapeutic NK cell lines currently undergoing preclinical and clinical trials of several kinds of tumors are reviewed.
关键词: natural killer cell natural killer cell line tumor immunotherapy genetic modification
Kai Shi, Matthew Haynes, Leaf Huang
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 页码 676-684 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1640-4
关键词: vaccine nanoparticle tumor immunotherapy microenvironment
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第4期 页码 536-545 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2067-5
关键词: BCNU glioblastoma recurrence tumor resection nanoparticles hydrogel
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Detecting genetic hypermutability of gastrointestinal tumor by using a forensic STR kit
Anqi Chen, Suhua Zhang, Jixi Li, Chaoneng Ji, Jinzhong Chen, Chengtao Li
期刊论文
Detection of digestive malignancies and post-gastrectomy complications via gastrointestinal fluid examination
null
期刊论文
Potential indicators predict progress after surgical resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumors
null
期刊论文
Immunotherapy-based combination strategies for treatment of gastrointestinal cancers: current status
Chenfei Zhou, Jun Zhang
期刊论文
Prognostic significance of clinicopathologic parameters in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a study of
LIANG Yumei, LI Xianghong, LU Youyong, LV Yali, ZHONG Mei, PU Xiaolu, LI Wenmei
期刊论文
Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment contributes to tumor progression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
期刊论文
Progress in tumor vascular normalization for anticancer therapy: challenges and perspectives
null
期刊论文
Nanovaccines for remodeling the suppressive tumor microenvironment: New horizons in cancer immunotherapy
Kai Shi, Matthew Haynes, Leaf Huang
期刊论文